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LOT 11:
Pogroms in Bessarabia. Lazar Pach (Salamon Erno) Perished in Holocaust, Autograph on poetry book: “Periferie" ...
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Start price:
$
100
Buyer's Premium: 20%
More details
VAT: 17%
On commission only
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Pogroms in Bessarabia. Lazar Pach (Salamon Erno) Perished in Holocaust, Autograph on poetry book: “Periferie", illust., 1934, in Romanian
Pogroms in Bessarabia. Lazar Pach (Salamon Erno) Perished in Holocaust, Autograph on poetry book: “Periferie", illust., Ex. 357/ 1000, 1934, in Romanian
Lithographed cover, illustrations by Nicolae Cristea.
4 drawings of Pogroms in Bessarabia and portrait of the author by the artist Nicolae Cristea.
Ex. 357/ 1000, first ed., in Romanian, 58 pp.,
Soft litho cover. Size: 21 x 14 cm.
Jewish poet perished in the Holocaust in 1943
Condition: some wear and staining to cover; some foxing to frontispiece and edges; yellow /light brown paper.
Ernő Salamon (Gheorgheni, 15 May 1912 - Mihajlovka-Stari, Ukraine, 27 February 1943) is a poet and journalist.
He was born into a poor Jewish family. He graduated from high school in Tirgu Mures. He enrolled in the Faculty of Law at the University of Cluj-Napoca. In 1933 he was a reporter at the Brasov newspapers, his poems were published here and in our Age. In 1936 he traveled throughout Transylvania as a distributor of the Modern Age. From April 1937 he lived in Târgu Mureş, where he edited our Times and the Morning Newspaper. During these years several volumes were published. He was persecuted, arrested several times in Horthy-Hungary, and interned in 1941 in the notorious Asakfalva camp. He lived in difficult circumstances, sometimes working as a seasonal worker. Your health has deteriorated. In May 1942, he was called to forced labor and moved to Ukraine, where he suffered from typhoid fever. On February 27, 1943, Italian soldiers shot him.
Nicolas or Nicolae Cristea (also known under the nom de guerre Joseph Copla;[1] 26 November 1906 – March 1943) was a Romanian communist, a volunteer in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War and in the French Resistance during World War II.
Cristea was born in a poor workers family in Galați. During the Great Depression he participated in the protests organized by the Romanian Communist Party in Bucharest, afterwards being forced by the Siguranța (Romania's secret police) to move back to his native town. He returned to Bucharest in 1931, and in 1933 was admitted into the then-illegal Communist Party. He became member in the Committee of the Bucharest Organization of the Party and, later, he was elected member in the Bureau of the Party Committee of the city. In this period he worked at the Army Pyrotechnics in Bucharest.
After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, he left for Spain, arriving there in October 1936, during the Battle for Madrid. He joined the Romanian Motorized Artillery Regiment of the XI International Brigade, commanded by Valter Roman. In 1937, he participated in the battles of Brunete, Quinto-Belchite and Teruel. In December 1937, during the latter confrontation, his leg was injured, but Cristea refused to be hospitalized, deciding instead to remain present on the battlefield. Afterwards, he was promoted to captain and became the commander of the "Tudor Vladimirescu" Battery. At the Battle of the Ebro, he had an important role in the crossing of the river. Demobilized along the other volunteers in December 1938, he continued to fight in Catalonia in January–February 1939.
In February 1939, Cristea passed into France where he was interned in the Gurs and Argelès concentration camps. Along with Joseph Boczov, Mihail Patriciu and other Romanians, he escaped the latter camp on 28 March 1941, after the onset of German occupation. The group soon joined the Resistance, [2] with Cristea becoming commander of the Romanian detachment inside the FTP-Main-d'œuvre immigrée. He participated in sabotage action against the Nazi German forces. On 16 October 1942, he — along with other two Romanian volunteers —, attacked a group of German pilots who were taking part in a military exercise in Montrouge, near Paris, making use of hand grenades.
Arrested by the Gestapo on 19 October 1942, Cristea was executed in March 1943 at Fort Mont-Valérien, after months of torture in the Fresnes prison. Sources disagree on the exact date of his death: either the 9th, [1][3] the 10th, [4] or the 13th.[5][6] Upon the end of World War II, he was posthumously promoted a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Romanian Army.
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